Frontiers Effects of L carnitine supplementation on lipid profile in adult patients under hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta analysis of RCTs Understanding the Role of Carnitine in TPN and IDPN Therapy Early research into L carnitine was often cited as underwhelming, showing negligible changes in muscle carnitine content and fat loss outcomes. However, these findings may have been limited by a short study window Role of carnitine in disease Nutrition & Metabolism Springer Nature Link